| 1 |
Author(s):
Sushmitha U, Anarghya R, Sahana B R, Ananya C, Jakka Srisai Pallavi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Agricultural Engineering
Page No:
1-9 |
Preparation and Evaluation of Fig Fruit Based Cup Cake
Abstract
This study evaluated the physico-chemical properties, drying characteristics, and utilization of fig fruit (Ficus carica L.) in developing nutritionally enriched cupcakes. Fresh figs exhibited suitable physical traits with average height ranging from 49.99 to 54.82 mm, width from 58.12 to 66.21 mm, and weight between 123.48 and 154.80 g, indicating their suitability for processing. The pH of fresh fig pulp ranged from 5.45 to 5.56, and total soluble solids varied between 10–11 °Brix, reflecting moderate acidity and natural sweetness. The moisture content of fresh figs was notably high (83.45–84.04%), confirming their perishable nature and the necessity for preservation. Tray drying at 60°C effectively reduced the moisture content from 75% (wet basis) to 0% within 225 minutes. The drying rate decreased progressively from 316.66 min⁻¹ at the initial stage to 0 min⁻¹ at equilibrium, demonstrating an initial faster moisture removal followed by a falling-rate period indicative of internal moisture diffusion control. This confirms tray drying as an efficient method for fig dehydration with controlled moisture reduction. Incorporation of fig pulp into cupcake formulations enhanced the nutritional and sensory quality of the product. Among the three treatments, Treatment I (100 g wheat flour : 50 g fig pulp) showed the highest overall sensory acceptability score (9 on a nine-point hedonic scale) in terms of colour, appearance, flavour, texture, taste, and aroma. Proximate analysis of this optimized formulation revealed a moisture content of 51.82 g/100 g, ash 1.39 g/100 g, protein 5.60 g/100 g, crude fat 7.42 g/100 g, total sugars 14.28 g/100 g, calcium 46.78 mg/100 g, and pH 6.27, indicating improved nutritional value compared to conventional cupcakes. Overall, the study demonstrates that fig fruit possesses desirable physico-chemical and drying characteristics and can be effectively utilized in value-added bakery products. The development of fig-based cupcakes not only improves nutritional quality, particularly mineral and sugar content, but also achieves high consumer acceptability, highlighting the potential of figs as a functional ingredient in bakery and food processing industries.
| 2 |
Author(s):
B. Beni Afiya, Dr. Mrs. S. Muthunagai, Mrs. S. Kalpana, Mrs. P. Suriya.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Environmental Science
Page No:
10-26 |
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Urban Heat Stress Using the Urban Heat Hazard Identification Model (UHHIM): A GIS-Based Study of Greater Chennai
Abstract
A study has been proposed to estimate Land Surface Temperature (LST) for Greater Chennai district, Tamil Nadu, India, using LANDSAT 8 satellite data incorporated with ARC GIS techniques. LST is an essential factor of various fields, including heat balance research, urban land use and cover, climate change, and climate models. The study utilizes LST-based spatial analysis to map and forecast urban heat hotspots in Greater Chennai using an Urban Heat Hazard Identification Model (UHHIM). UHHIM is a composite spatial index model developed to quantify, map, and classify urban heat hazard intensity by integrating thermal, built-up, and vegetation cover variables within a GIS framework. This model identifies heat-hazard-prone urban zones by combining Land Surface Temperature (LST). This may help urban planners and policymakers in implementing sustainable development strategies and climate resilient infrastructure in the study area.
Keywords: Remote sensing, GIS, Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Urban Heat Hazard Identification Model (UHHIM).
| 3 |
Author(s):
Federico de la Colina Flores, Heriberto Rodríguez Frausto, Tzitzi T. De La Colina García, Paul A. de la Colina García.
Country:
Mexico
Research Area:
Veterinary Science
Page No:
27-35 |
From Philosophy to Practice: The UAZ Competency and Project-Based Model for Day-One Veterinary Readiness
Abstract
Educational approach (UAZ Veterinary School): 1) Philosophy (why)—this is the focus of the present article: form ethical, scientifically rigorous veterinarians who advance animal welfare, the public interest, and One Health; learning means producing artifacts that improve practice (protocols, dashboards, SOPs, briefs). 2) Policy (what we commit to)—a competency-based curriculum with day-one readiness; clear ethics/welfare rules (3Rs); reproducible data and open-source tools; inclusion and accessibility; programmatic assessment and external advisory review. 3) Pedagogy (how learning works)—activity- and project-based learning on real problems; evidence-based practice; deliberate skills practice with feedback; interprofessional teamwork; many observations that accumulate into defensible decisions. 4) Didactics (how courses are designed)—backward design from competencies to products and activities; signature methods (case/simulation, field/lab studios, literate data analysis in Quarto); shared rubrics; robust scaffolds and templates. 5) Mechanics (day-to-day running)—a weekly cadence (studio → methods lab → production sprint → review); version-controlled repos for every team; rapid narrative feedback plus automated checks; structured rotations; dashboards for progress; and continuous improvement via issues/PRs and change logs.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Koppolu Karthik, P. Akhila Swathanthra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Chemical Engineering
Page No:
36-51 |
Comparative Study for Removal of Chromium and Copper by Using Red Sandal Wood Leaf Powder from Aqueous Solution
Abstract
Rapid Industrialization causing long lasting environmental problems. The pollutants released from them pollute the land, air, water. Pollution from the heavy metals is one of the major concerns. Heavy metals include Nickel, Lead, Chromium, Copper, Arsenic.
In this paper, we studied the adsorption of chromium and copper on the Pterocarpus Santalinus. This adsorbent was developed from the leaves of the Red Sandal Wood tree. The adsorbent was a fine powder. Adsorption is one of the best techniques for the removal of heavy metals. All the experiments were carried out in batch mode at room temperature. The effect of various parameters and thermodynamic parameters were studied, Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms were studied and published in results. Kinetic data was analyzed and published.
Samples are analyzed using a Shimadzu UV – 1900 spectrophotometer at 540nm wavelength.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Tzitzi de la Colina García, Federico I. De La Colina Flores, Heriberto Rodríguez Frausto, Paul A. de la Colina García.
Country:
Mexico
Research Area:
Veterinary Science
Page No:
52-62 |
Veterinary and Zootechnics as Cultural Governance: A Toulminian Argument for Designing Modes of Life
Abstract
This article advances four linked claims about culture, modes of life, and the professional responsibility of the médico veterinario zootecnista (MVZ, Spanish to name the veterinarian and zootechnist). Using Toulmin’s argumentation pattern, it argues (1) that both human and animal cultures develop historically in relation to their respective modes of life; (2) that the MVZ functions as a designer and administrator of modes of life for companion animals and their owners, productive domestic animals, and managed wildlife; (3) that this positions the profession as a consequential actor in global cultural development; and (4) that this responsibility should be exercised through a welfare-centered stance that is democratic and community-oriented, aligned with One Health/One Welfare and with participatory practices. The resulting framework reframes veterinary zootechnics as cultural governance: the ethically guided design of socio-material conditions that shape learned practices, welfare outcomes, and public goods.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Tadi Sunil Kumar, Yeddu Lakshmi Narayana, Manikandan P, Yaswanthi T.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Medical Science
Page No:
63-71 |
Effect of Foot Core Strengthening on Landing Biomechanics and Lower Limb Proprioceptive Function in Elite Female Basketball Players – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
Background: The intrinsic and extrinsic foot core musculature contributes to arch stiffness, shock attenuation, force transmission, and sensorimotor control during high-demand tasks such as jump-landing in basketball. Impaired foot core function may increase landing impact and reduce proprioceptive acuity, potentially elevating lower-limb injury risk.
Objective: To determine the effect of a 12-week structured foot core strengthening program on landing biomechanics and lower-limb proprioceptive function in elite female basketball players.
Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 60 elite female basketball players were allocated to an experimental group (n = 30) or control group (n = 30). The experimental group completed a progressive, structured foot core strengthening program for 12 weeks in addition to routine training, while the control group continued routine training alone. Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-intervention: (1) landing biomechanics using peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during a landing task, and (2) lower-limb proprioceptive function using knee joint position sense (JPS). Between-group changes were analyzed with significance set at p<0.05.
Result: Post-intervention, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement compared with the control group in peak vGRF and knee JPS (both p<0.001), indicating reduced landing impact and enhanced proprioceptive accuracy following foot core strengthening.
Conclusion: A 12-week foot core strengthening program significantly improves landing biomechanics and lower-limb proprioceptive function in elite female basketball players. Incorporating foot core training into regular conditioning may be a practical strategy to enhance landing control and potentially support injury-risk reduction in jump-landing sports.
Keywords: Foot core strengthening, Intrinsic foot muscles, Vertical ground reaction force, Knee joint position sense, Neuromuscular control, Jump-landing.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Dr. Dinakaran S, Mr. Ashok Raj R, Dr. Saravanan P, Dr. Felcy Judith.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Computer Science
Page No:
72-83 |
Design and Analysis of Secure IP Networking Using RIP, NAT, and VPN
Abstract
The growing reliance on IP-based networks has highlighted the importance of efficient routing, address management, and secure communication protocols. This paper describes the design and simulation-based analysis of a secure IP networking environment that utilizes the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Network Address Translation (NAT), and Virtual Private Network (VPN) technologies. The proposed network architecture is implemented in Cisco Packet Tracer, utilizing RIP for dynamic intra-domain routing, NAT for address conservation and controlled external connectivity, and VPN mechanisms to ensure secure data transmission across untrusted networks. Basic firewall rules are also used to manage traffic and improve network security. The integrated mechanisms' performance and functionality are assessed in terms of connectivity, routing efficacy, address use, and secure communication. Simulation results show that combining RIP, NAT, and VPN improves network management, promotes efficient IP address usage, and ensures secure end-to-end communication in a controlled environment. The research emphasizes the usefulness of simulation tools for studying secure IP networking architectures and serves as a reference model for small to medium-sized enterprise networks.
| 8 |
Author(s):
T. VASANTHA KUMARAN, DR.MRS.S.MUTHUNAGAI, S. AMBRISHA.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Population Studies
Page No:
84-97 |
Geospatial Analysis of the Tourism Carrying Capacity of Marina Beach, Chennai, India
Abstract
Abstract
Marina Beach in Chennai is among the most intensively used urban shorelines in South Asia, yet its tourism carrying capacity under conditions of rapid urbanization, shoreline change, and increasing visitor pressure remains under‑examined in a geospatially explicit manner.
This paper develops an integrated framework to estimate the physical, real, and effective carrying capacity of Marina Beach over the period 2001–2025 by combining multi‑temporal remote sensing, Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) outputs, and a Boullon‑type mathematical model of visitor capacity. Multi‑sensor satellite data from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel‑2 are used to delineate the shoreline, compute usable recreational area, and detect spatial patterns of accretion and erosion along the approximately 6 km stretch between the Cooum River mouth and the Lighthouse. The Boullon‑based model distinguishes physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity adjusted for meteorological and geomorphic constraints, and effective carrying capacity incorporating management efficiency, using parameters grounded in the literature on beach standards, visitor turnover, climatic constraints, shoreline retreat, and infrastructure performance.
Results indicate a decline in usable beach area from approximately 1.35 million m² in 2001 to about 1.15 million m² by 2025. The paper highlights the value of integrating geospatial shoreline analysis with carrying capacity models for urban beach management. real‑time monitoring as key strategies to maintain usage within environmentally and socially acceptable limits.
Keywords: tourism carrying capacity; Marina Beach; shoreline change; geospatial analysis; coastal management.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Dattatray Gadkari.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Materials Science
Page No:
98-122 |
Capillary–thermocapillary driven entirely detached growth of the In₀.₅Ga₀.₅Sb in Vertical Directional Solidification under terrestrial gravity: Experimental evidence and Gadkari Detached Stability Criterion (GDSC)
Abstract
A controlled vertical directional solidification (VDS) technique was developed for the terrestrial growth of bulk In₀.₅Ga₀.₅Sb crystals under capillary-dominated and diffusion-controlled conditions. The use of a vacuum-sealed ampoule significantly suppressed buoyancy-driven convection, establishing a stable environment in which solute transport occurred primarily through thermodiffusion. Under these conditions, contactless (detached) growth was sustained by the combined action of antimony vapor pressure and surface-tension forces, producing a uniform increasing micro-gap of 95–250μm and a stable crystal–melt interface. The grown crystals exhibited high structural and electronic quality, including low dislocation densities (~10³ cm⁻²), enhanced hardness (3.7 GPa), strong (220) preferential orientation, and carrier mobility up to 2.5 × 10⁴ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹. A growth rate of 2.5 mm h⁻¹ was achieved, exceeding typical rates reported for gradient-freeze and reduced-gravity experiments. Dimensionless analyses confirmed diffusion–capillary control of transport and interface stability. A Growth-deviation (GD) number is introduced to quantify the transition from buoyancy-dominated to diffusion-controlled growth. The results demonstrate that the VDS configuration provides a reliable terrestrial platform for studying detached, convection-suppressed solidification and for producing high-quality In₀.₅Ga₀.₅Sb crystals.
