International Journal of Science and Technology (IJST)

Association Between Body Mass Index and Hypertension: An Explorative Study With Development of an Information Booklet for Hypertensive Patients in Selected Hospitals of Rajkot District

The increasing incidence and prevalence of hypertension, especially among the younger demographic, has become a significant public health issue. Although lifestyle and dietary modifications effectively lower blood pressure and mitigate health risks, medication remains essential for many individuals. The emergence of hypertension can be attributed to multiple variables, such as obesity, elevated sodium consumption, inadequate physical exercise, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol intake. Obesity, a primary factor in hypertension, is strongly associated with Body Mass Index (BMI), becoming BMI a crucial indicator for evaluating the risk of hypertension development. This study sought to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in individuals with hypertension. The cohort of one hundred hypertension patients was obtained via non-probability convenience sampling. Following the establishment of rapport with the participants and the provision of a comprehensive explanation of the study's objectives, the research was conducted with their explicit agreement, both verbal and written. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the standard formula, which involved gathering data on blood pressure, height, weight, and belly circumference. The documentation of demographic and clinical information was conducted using standardized proformas. Descriptive and inferential statistical approaches were utilized to analyze the data. The Chi-square test yielded a value of 87.02 and a p-value of 0.003, demonstrating a substantial correlation between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. This discovery supports the concept that BMI is significantly associated with hypertension. A correlation existed between hypertension and socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, occupational status, and marital status; however, no association was found between hypertension and demographic parameters including educational level, domicile, family income, or family type. Clinical factors, including dietary choices and meal frequency, were found to be associated with hypertension. No connection was identified between hypertension and concurrent diseases or cooking methods. This study's findings indicate a substantial link between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. The study emphasizes the necessity of consistent BMI monitoring and lifestyle modifications for the prevention and management of hypertension. Keywords : Hypertension, Body Mass Index (BMI), Obesity, Lifestyle Changes, Chi-Square Test, Socio-Demographic Variables, Clinical Variables, Hypertensive Patients, Blood Pressure.