International Journal of Science and Technology (IJST)

Understanding Adiponectin Dynamics in Chronic Kidney Disease

Adiponectin is an adipokine known for its insulin-sensitising effects, including the suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhancement of fatty acid oxidation, and promotion of glucose uptake. Within the kidneys, adiponectin is primarily localised to the arterial endothelium, smooth muscle cells, and capillary endothelium. Adiponectin might be considered a marker of many negative factors in chronic kidney disease. The last few years have yielded a growing body of evidence that adiponectin is a multifunctional protein with anti-inflammatory, metabolic, anti-atherogenic, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)- protective actions. In recent years, accumulating evidence has highlighted adiponectin as a multifunctional protein with anti-inflammatory, metabolic, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant (ROS-protective) properties. Moreover, adiponectin appears to exert a range of beneficial and direct effects on various renal cell types and kidney pathologies. Similarly, adiponectin has demonstrated numerous positive and direct actions in kidney diseases, as well as across multiple kidney cells. Data from extensive cross-sectional and cohort studies have shown a positive correlation between serum adiponectin levels and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. This suggests a complex interaction between local adiponectin action, comorbidities, and uremic milieu. In this review, we explore the multifaceted role of adiponectin in chronic kidney disease, examining its physiological functions, pathological implications, and potential as a biomarker or therapeutic target. Keywords: Adiponectin, Biomarker, Comorbidities Abbreviations: CKD- chronic kidney disease, EGRF- estimated glomerular filtration rate